Ophthalmic mounting



Mmh 16 1926?' 1,576,869

F. A. STEVENS -r AL OPHTHALMIC MOUNTING Original Filed June 13. 1921Patented Mar. i6, 3.92255.

FREDERECIZ A. STEVENS AND JAMIES VI. W'ELSH, OF `)PROIIDElil'CE, RHODEISLANID. ASSIGNORS 'lO BAUSCH AND LOdlB OPTICAL COMPANY, OF ROCHESTER,NEW YORK,

A CORYORATON OF NEW YORK.

OPHTHALMIC MOUNTING.

Original application filed .Tune 13, 1921, SeiialrNo. 477,146. Dividedand this application filed October 16, 1924. Serial No. 743,956.

To ZZ 107mm t 71mg/ concern.-

lie known that we, Fnnnnuicii A. Srs vens and .learns lV. WELSH,citizens oi the United States, and residents of Providence, in thecounty of Providence and State ot' lRhode Island, have jointly inventednew and useful Improvements in Ophthalmic lvlountings, of which thefollowing is a speciication.

The present invention relates to articles oi manufacture comprisingmembers constituted olf plastic material to which are secured metalmembers, and it has more particular application to ophthalmicn'iountings comprising non-metal members that are con-V nected togetherby metal hinges. The pres'- ent application is a. division of acopending application, Serial No. 447,146, filed J une 13, 1921.

ln commercial ophthalmic mountings of the above-described character, thehinge plates have hitherto been secured to the noninctal members bypairs ot rivets passing through the hinge plates and the member-i1 Tiesehave not been fully satisfactory. It has been proposed to mount beveledhinge plates in previously preparer., dovetailed grooves of thenon-metal members, and to hold them in place by cement or by singlescrews. the beveled walls of the hinge plates. to twist or turn in theirgrooves, causing them to bite into the dovetailedgroove walls andweakening the brittle, non-.metal material; the non-metal material,furthermore, will shrink, in time, causing enlargement of the grooves;so that ultimately the hinge plates would become so loosened as toimpair the utility of the mounting.

A chief object of the presentinvention is to improve upon ophthalmicmountings of the above-described character, to. the end that a betterjoint may be provided between the metal and the non-metal parte, and theserviceableness and the utility of the mount# ing as a whole enhanced.

To the attainment of the above-na1ned end, a feature of the inventionresi-des in tightly littinO' a meta-l late that isv reviousl Y' Jro es avided. with. beveled, suitably project-fing There is a tendency,however, tor

wings, securely into a suitably shaped recess of the non-metal member,and pressing 1t into the recess so as to cause the beveled wings to`bite or wedge into, and become embedded within, the non-metal material.As the non-1netal material is usually a plastic substance, likezylonite, the plastic mass becomes compressed in between the wings. Thewalls ot' the recess acting upon the walls of the metal plate upon oneside, and the compressed plastic mass acting upon the inner sides of thewings upon the other, a very effective joint is produced, preventingtwisting or turning of the nieta-l. A single rivet or screw extendingthrough vthe nonmetal material and the metal plate is found to besufficient to hold the parts together. The rivet or screw isshaped toprevent its turning, so thatv it can not become loose.

lith the above and other objects in view, the invention consists moreparticularly ci the improved ophthalmic mounting hereinaft-er described,illustrated in the accompanying drawings, and defined in the appendedclaims.

ln the drawings, Fig. l is a iront elevation of a pair of spectaclesconstructed according to a preferred embodiment oi the presentinvention; Fig. 2 is a section, taken upon the line 2-2 of Fig. l,looking in the direction of the arrows; Fig. 3 is a section taken uponthe line 3 .3 ot Fig. 2, looking in the direction of the arrows; Fig. 4is a view oi the end ot' a spectacle temple providedy with ahinge-plate-receiving recess; Fig. 5 is a 'view of preferred hingeplates adapted for use according to the presentinvention, shown detachedfor clearness; Fig.` 6 is a section similar to Fig. 2 ot amodili'cation; Fig. 7 is a section similar to Fig. 3 of the modiiication show-n in Fig. 6; Fiff. 8 is a section simif lar to Fig'. @ofanother modification; and Figs. 9 and 10 illustrate a prefer-red methodof securing the retaining rivet or screw in place. Y y

rlhe invention is for illustrative purposes shown in connection with aspectacle mount-ing comprising a lens-'holding frame or front 2:'. andtemples or bows 4 constituted '..Q..p 1astic, none-metal material, likeCelluloid,

zylonite or other composition. The term Zylonite will, for brevity, beemployed in the specification and the claims as generic to all suchmaterials. lThe temples 4 are pivotally connected to the lens-holdingtrame 2 by hinges comprising one-piece hinge plates 6 and S. Each hingeplate is provided with a base portion having oppositely disposed,substantially flat, inner and outer faces or sides 28 and 29. The hingeplate G is provided with two perforated ears or knuckles 31 integrallydisposed laterally upon one side 29 ot' the hinge plate, out ot thegeneral plane ot the base portion, nearer one end thereof than the otheras illustrated.` rlhe hinge plate S is similarly provided with aperforated ear or knuckle 33, similarly disposed. The knuckle S3 isdisposed between the knuckles 31 and the hinge plates are pivotedtogether by la'pivot pin or pintle 10 that extends through theperforations in the knuckles.

One of the hinge plates, as the hinge plate 8, is mounted upon the reartace et a nonmetal end piece 5 that extends integrally at one side ofthe frame 2, and the other is mounted upon the inner face et the endportion et the temple. The said end portion of the temple and the endpiece 5 are beveled, as shown at 7, provided for a butt joint. Then thetemple is swung about the pintle 10 to its limit of pivotal movement,the beveled portions 7 will be caused to abut.

One tace 9 et cach of the non-metal members is recessed, the bot-toniwall of the recess 12 being substantially tlat and the recess beingshown provided with longi* tudinally extending walls 141- thatmay bestraight and parallel, it desired, and that are connected by atransversely extending wall 16. There may be a wall opposed to the wall16 or the recess may be open-ended, as desired. The. hinge plates 6 and8 are similarly substantially Hat and are'` provided withoppositelydisposed walls 18 that are connected by a wall 20. The hingeplates and the recesses 12 are so shaped that the hinge plates will littightly in the recesses, the hinge plates lying tlat against the bottomtlat walls of the recesses, with the walls 18 in contact with the walls14, and the Wall 20 in Contact with the wall 16. The walls 1st, 16, 18and 2O are made blunt to prevent rotation or twisting 'ot the hinge`plates within the recesses 12. A single rivet or screw 22, extendingthrough the non-metal member and the hinge plate will be foundsuiticient to hold the hinge plates within their respective recesses.

lt is commercially impossible to have the hinge plates fit in therecesses 12 always with exactly the rightdegree of tightness. A dullcutting tool, tor example, will not cut exactly the saine-sized recess.12 as when sharp. AS nen-metal material of the kindv employed inophthalmic mountings of the above-described character always shrinks,moreover, no matter how thoroughly it is cured, a recess that is of justthe proper shape and size when made will become larger with the lapse oftime. A hinge plate that is merely itted into place within the recess,therefore, even though it lit properly in the beginning, will soonbecome undesirably loose, causing the temple to wabble.

This is prevented, according to the present invention, by providing thehinge plate with one or more anchoring or attachment members thatproject integrally 'trom the sides or edges 18 et the hinge plates andthat are caused to bite or wedge laterally into and become embedded.within the nonmetal material. @ne or more ot the attachment members otone hinge plate are embedded in the end piece 5, and those ot the otherend piece in the temple. The hinge plates become thus securely niountedupon the non-metal members. The preferred construction is shown moreparticularly in Fig. 5, and comprises oppositely disposed beveled wings2e, preterably along the oppositely disposed walls 18, and a beveledwing 26, preferably .long the wall 20,' connecting the beveled wings 2l.The beveled wings are ot less crosssseetional dimensions than that etthe base portions ot the hinge plates, providing shoulders at theirjunction with the said base portions. The wings 2l: and 2G are showncontinuous and otl'set from the inner 'tace or side 28 of the hingeplate, to term a continuous, beveled, odset ange. The hinge plate, afterbeing fitted into position in the recess 12, is forced home flush in therecess by pressure, causing the beveled wings to bite or wedge into, andbecome embedi. id within, the non-metal material, as above des ibed rlhenon-metal material being plastic, it

becomes compressed or wedgedlinto the channel 30, Fig. 3, between thewings,

ettecting a very tight joint. rlhe compression of the materialcompensates tor shrinkage. lt will thus be apparent that the tinalrecess is in part formed by removal ot the stock and in part bycompression.

Hinges mounted as above described will be firmly and securely and prtectly seated within their recesses, unable to turn or twist orotherwise become loose, and they can not be pulled laterally orlongitudinally out ot their seats. The hinge plate and the nonmetalmember upon which it is mounted become, in ettect, one unitary member.As the beveled wings 2li and 26 dig their own way into the stock, a veryelteetive joint may, in tact, be provided without previously reeessingthe non-metal material. rthe joint is, however, strengthened by the useet the previously formed recess, the walls l and 1li et which Contactwith the Walls 18 and 20 lll vthe li'nes ot least resistance.

Leccese fr of the hinge plate, and the recess makes it possible,furthermore, to sink the hinge plate flush With the face 9 of thenen-metal member, as will be understood from Figs 2 and improving theappearance ol the mounting'. The body of the hinge plate is seated llushin the recess, the Wings holding` it in place by being en'ibedded oru'edhed in the plastic material.

As has been pointed outabove, a single rivet 22 or its equivalent willsuflice to -hold the parts together, so that the necessity forweakening` the non-metal material by multiple riveting is avoided. Therivet or other holding member, however, should not be permitted to turn,as it would then become loose and dislodged. lt is accordingly providedwith an irregular or non-round portion 32 that is sunk into thenon-metal material. Unnecessary turning of the rivet or screw andpremature Wear are thus avoided. r)The irregular portion mayconveniently be formed upon the head'o'f the rivet, and as it will thenlbecome exposed to view, vvill be clear from Fig. 2, it desirable, forappearance sake, to have it as ume some pleasin contour, such as thediamond of Fig'. l. The rivet thus combines Within itself the propertiesboth oi" utility and ornament. lnV practice, the rivet or screw 22 Willbe mounted in previously termed alined bores 3l and 36 of the hinge.plate and the non-metal member, respectively. lts suitably shaped headmay then be forced into the non-metal member, or into a previouslyformed, correspondingly irregularly shaped, recess Lll, Fig. 2, tlushwith the face 38, and the opposite end of the rivet may linally beheaded overagainst the hinge plate, as shown at 40. lf a screvv isemployed, it may be screwed into the screw* threaded bore of the hingeplate, and

then upsetby pressure applied to the opposite ends olf the s crevv, aswill be clear 1from Figs. 9 and l0. rThe head 32 will thus be forcedinto position, Jiush with the face ot the non-metal member, and the bodyof the screw will be caused to bulge out, Fig. l0, etlecting a ver;7tight union of the parts.

Though preferred, it is not essential that the Wings 2l and 26 becontinuous. T hey may be formed of Separate spurs l2, as shown in Figs.6 and 7. The positions originally occupied by the spurs are indicated indotted lines at de, but they bite opposite-ly obliquely inward, as shownin full lines, and become so embeddedV in the nonmetal material When thehinge plate is forced into place by pressure. The spurs, if properlyshaped, are caused to bend of their own accord when the hinge plate :ispressed intol position, naturallyfollowing The sp ir; may be tivo only,or even one onlv in number, TW@ Spie e@ 011.15 site Sheva iii 8 at ornear opposite ends of the hinge plate, bent obliquely oppositely awayfrom each other, as illust-rated, When the hinge plate is eressed intoplace. One ot' the spurs is nearer the ears or knuckles than the other.This construction terms the subject matter of a copending applicationSerial No. 31,751, tiled Hay 2l, 1925. With sp positioned as in Figs. 6to 8, inclusive, and with the spurs long enough, the rivets or screws 22may be omitted, but it is better, in order to avoid unnecessary strain,to employ the rivets or their equivalents` shown in the other figure".

Many other modifications Within the spirit and scopel ot' the inventionWill' readily suggest themselves to persons skilled in the art. Theabove description is theretore intended to be illustrative and notrestrictive, and it is desired that the app-ended claims be broadlyrconstrued, unlimited exceptin so far as limitations may be imposed bythe'prior art.

What is claimed is:-

l. In a knuckle hinge, a pair of cooperating one-piece hinge members.one ot the members comprising a base portion having at one side integrallaterally extending rnuckles and the other member comprising; a baseportion having at one side a knuckle disposed between the laterallyvextending' knuckles, each member being'arranged with attachment means atthe side oi' the base opposite to the said one side and of less crosssectional dimension than the base for imbedment in the material or itssupport, and the knuckles being` perforated :tor the engagement of apintle.

2. ln a knuckle hinge, a` pair of yone-piece hinge members, es h membercomprising a buse portion provided with an integral, laterally extendingknuckle and arranged with attachment means at the side of the baseopposite tothe knuckle and ot less cross sectional dimension than thebase iler imbed-ment in the materiale?. its support, and the knucklesperforated tor the engage-V ment of a pintle.

3. In a knuckle hinge, a pair ot hinge members, each hinge membercomprising a base portion provided with a knuckle eX- tending,`laterally thereof and attachment means evtending from the base oppositeto the knuckle 'for imb-edinent in 'the material of its support to mountthe h` member, 'sa-id attachment means being' oi Vless widt' Vthan thebase to provide a shoulder at the juncture thereof with the base rer thepurpose specified.

Fl. ln knuckle hinge, a pair et energies., hinge members, each hingemember conip1 se ing a bas-e port-ion having a knuckle extend iusqlaterally thereof and an attachment member extending opposite to 'theknuckle, este porties beine' esl-Geiel Width than the attachment memberto form a shoulder at the juncture ot the attachment. member with thebase and the knuckles of the members adapted to inter-engage andarranged with periorations for the engagement ot a pintle.

ln hingedly connecting non-metallic bows and trames ot spectacles, apair ot hinge members, each hinge member comprising a base portionarranged with integral, oppositely extending. attachment means and aknuckle, and said attachment means being adapted for imoedment laterallyinto the material of the bows and frame to mount the hinge membersthereon.

G. hinge member having a base portion provided-with oppositely disposedsubstantially ilat sides and walls connecting the sides, a flangeextending from one of the sides adjacent to each ot two oppositelydisposed walls, and a hinge knuckle extendingtrom the other sideadjacent to a wall disposed between the said two oppositely disposedwalls.

7. An ophthalmic mounting con'iprising two non-metal members, one a lensYtrame and the other a temple, and a hinge tor connecting them together,the hinge comprising a metal member having a base portion provided withoppositely disposed substantially flat sides and walls connecting thesides, a Piange extending trom one ot the sides adjacent to each ot twooppositely disposed walls, and a hinge knuckle extending from the otherside adjacent to a wall disposed between the said two oppositelydispofed walls, one ot the non-metal inem,- bers having` a recess inwhich the base portion and flanges are received.

8. An ophthalmic mounting comprising a non-metal member having a recessprovided with a` substantially tlatrbottom and walls, and a hinge memberhaving base portion provided with a substantially lat side in contactwith the bottom and walls in Contact with the recess walls, the flatsine ot the base portion being provided with an attachment memberembedded in the nen-v metal material, and the opposite side ot the baseportion being provided with a hinge knuckle.

9. ln hinges to hingedly connect the'` bows and rim oil' non-metallicspectacles, a pair ot hinge members, each hinge member comprising a baseportion arranged with an inte ral attachment member. one of the hingemembers having knuckles extending lat-erally from the base portion, andthe other hinge member having a knuckle extending` laterally from thebase portion and disposed between the tiret-named knuckles, saidattachment members being adapted to be embedded in the material of thebows and rim, and means for insertion into the material of the bows andrim for engagementwith the attachment members to secure the hingemembers in the bows and rim.

l0. A hinge member comprising a plateshaped base portion havingoppositely disposed substantially flat sides, the hinge member having anattachment member integrally extending from one et the substantiallytlat sides otthe base portion and having a knuckle disposed on the othersubstantially flat side of the base portion, the attachment member beingof less cross-sectional dimension than the base portion to form ashoulder at the junction ol the attachment member and the base portion.

ll. A hinge comprising two hinge members each comprising a base portionhaving` oppositely disposed sides, one ol the sides ot each base portionbeing substantially fist, eac-h hinge member having an attachment memberintegrally extending :trom the substantially tlat side and having aknuckle disposed on the other side, the knuckles being pivoted together,and each attachment member being of less cross-sectional dimension 'hanthe base portion from which it extends to lorm shoulder at the junctionot the attachment member and the base portion.

12. An article of the class described comprising a non-metal member anda hinge member, the hinge member comprising :i base portion havingoppositely disposed sides, the hinge member having a knuckle disposed onone side ot the base portion and means integrally extending from theother side ot' the base portion embedded in the non-metal member, andmeans extending into the non-metal member and the hinge member.

13. An article of the class described comprising a zylonite memberprovided with a substantially flat face, and hinge member comprising aplate-shaped base portion having oppositely disposed substantially flatsides, the hinge member having an attachment member integrally extendingfrom one of the substantially flat sides ot the base portion ot lesscross-sectional dimension than the base portion and having a knuckledisposed on the other substantially dat side of the base portion., andthe hinge member being mounted upon the Zylonite member with thefirst-named substantially tlat sido in contact with the said tace andwith the attachment member embedded in the Zylonite member.

let. An ophthalmic mounting comprising a Zylonite member, and a hingemember comprising a plate-shaped base portion having oppositely disposedsubstantially flat sides. the hinge member having a knuckle disgosed onone of the substantially hat sides ot the base portion and meansintegrally extending from the other substantially flat side of the baseportion embedded in the zylonite member.

lll)

l5. An ophthalmic mounting comprising a Zylonite member', and a hingemember comprising a plate-shaped base portion having oppositely dispoedsubstantially :fiat sides, the hinge member having a knuckle disposed onone oi' the substantially flat sides o the base portion and anattachment member integrally extending from the other substantiallyflatside oit the base portion embedded in the zylonite .-nembei,v theattachment member being of less crosssectional dimension than that ofthe base portion.

1G. An ophthalmic mounting comprising a non-metal front provided with anintegral extension at one side, a temple, and a hinge pivotallyconnecting the front and the temple, the hinge comprising a plate-shapedmember having oppositely disposed substantially flat sides and having aknuckle disposed on one of the substantially fiat sides and anattachment member integrally extending from the other substantially fiatside and embedded in the extension, the temple being pivoted to theknuckle.

17. An ophthalmic mounting comprising a front, a temple, and a hingepivot-ally connecting the front and the temple, the hinge comprising twohinge members each comprising a base portion having oppositely disposedsides, each hinge member having a knuckle disposed on one side of t-hebase.

portion and an attachment member integrally extending from the otherside of the base portion, the knuckles being pivoted together, andeachattachment member being of less cross-sectional dimension than the baseportion from which it extends, one of the attachment members beingembedded in the front and the other attachment member being embedded inthe temple.

lil. An ophthalmic mounting` comprising` a non-metal member having afarce provided with a recess provided with a substantially flat bottomand walls, and a hinge member having a base portion provided withoppositely disposed substantially flat sides and walls connecting thesides, one of the fiat sides being in contact with the bottom and thewalls of the base portion being in con` tact with the recess walls, thesaid one flat side being .provided with an attachment member embedded inthe non-metal material, the other side of the base portion beingsubstantially flush with the said face and having a hinge knuckleprojecting therefrom.

19. The combination, in an ophthalmic mounting, with a non-metallic lensframe formed with an extension at one side provided with a beveledportion, and a temple of non-metallic material having a beveled portion,of a hinge connection between the temple and the extension embodying twoplates, one cooperating with the rear face ot' the extension and theother cooperating with the inner face of the temple, an ear extendingfrom each plate, the ears being pivotally connected together, andprojiections lextending from each plate, the projections on one platebeing anchored in the extension and the projections on the other platebeing anchored in the temple.

20. 'l' he combination with a member con` stituted of rylonite having asubstantially flat-bottomed recess, of a substantially flat metal platefitted tightly in the recess and having an inner projecting beveled wingbiting into and embedded within the member to prevent relative move-mentof the member and the plate, and means extending through the plate andinto the member for securing the plate to the member.

2l. rlhe combination with a member con stituted of zylonite having asubstantially flat-bottomed recess, of a substantially flat metal platefitted tiG'htly in the recess hav` ing inner wings biting into anden'ibedded within the member, the zylonite being compressed in betweenthe wings, and means ei;- tending through the plate and intoV the mem`bei' for securing the plate to the member.

22. An ophthalmic mounting comprising a member constituted of zylonitehaving a recess the bottom of which is substantially flat and the wallsof which are blunt, a substantially fiat metal plate having blunt wallsfitted tightly in the recess, and a single element extending through theplate and` the member for securing the plate to the member.

23. An ophthalmic mounting comprising a member constituted of plasticmaterial having a recess, a plate seated within the recess having wingsbiting into and einb bedded within the member, and means eX- tendingthrough the plate and into the member 'for securing the plate to themember.

24, A hinge plate having oppositely disposed sides, a beveled wingoffset from one oi' the sides adapted to bite into and be embeddedwithin Zylonite, and a hinge knuckle projecting from the other side.

A hinge plate having two walls connected by a third wall, and acontinuous beveled offset flange along the walls adaptecL to bite intoand become embedded within an article.

2G. A hinge comprising two plates each having two walls connected by athird wall, and each having a continuous beveled oliiset flange alongthe walls adapted to bite intov bottomed recess with blunt Walls, of ahinge plate itted tightly in the recess and lying flatagainst the flatbottom Wall of the recess with the sides of the plate in Contact 5 withthe blunt Walls7 the plate having oppositely disposed, beveled, olfsetWings bit` ing into and embedded Within the member,V

the material of the member being compressed Within the Channel betweenthe oppositely disposed Wings. 10

In testimony whereof, we have hereunto subscribed oui1 names,

FREDERCK A. STEVENS. JAMES lV. VELSH.

Certificate of Correction.

It is hereby certified that in Letters Patent No. 1,576,869, grantedMarch 16, 1926, upon the application of Frederick A. Stevens and JameslV. Welsh, of Providence, Rhode Island, for an improvement in OphthalmicMountings, errors appear in the printed specification requiringcorrection as follows: Page 1, line 18, for Serial No. 447 ,146 readSra/fcil No. ,4f/"7,7426, page 2, line 30, for the word provided readproviding; page 4, line 106, claim 13, after the word and insert Jchearticle 11,' page 5, line 43, claim 18, for the word arce7 read face;and that the said Letters Patent should be read with these correctionstherein that the Same may conform to the record of the case in thePatent Office.

Signed and sealed this 22d day of June, A. D. 1926.

[SEAL] y M. J. MOORE,

Acting Oowwnz'ssz'oner of Paten-15s.

